What advantage do autotetraploids have over autotriploids?

Autotetraploids have a significant advantage over autotriploids due to their chromosome configuration, which allows for increased fertility. In autotetraploids, the organisms have four sets of chromosomes, which can pair up effectively during meiosis. This pairing facilitates normal chromosome segregation and results in viable gametes.

In contrast, autotriploids possess three sets of chromosomes, creating complications during meiosis because there is an imbalance in chromosome pairing. This often leads to irregularities and the formation of non-viable gametes, resulting in reduced fertility. The proper pairing and separation of chromosomes in autotetraploids made it so they can produce more viable offspring, contributing greatly to their reproductive success.

Furthermore, while increased size and growth rate, higher viability during meiosis, and ability to reproduce asexually are advantages that can be found in certain species, the defining feature that distinguishes the reproductive potential of autotetraploids is their more favorable chromosome configuration that leads to higher fertility.