How does natural selection influence speciation?

Natural selection influences speciation by promoting divergence between populations. When populations of the same species become isolated—geographically or ecologically—natural selection can act differently on each population, depending on the specific environmental pressures they face. As these populations adapt to their unique environments through natural selection, over time, they may accumulate genetic differences that lead to reproductive isolation. This divergence can result in the formation of new species, as the populations can become so distinct that interbreeding is no longer possible, even if they come back into contact.

In this context, option B is correct because it highlights the role of natural selection in driving the differentiation necessary for speciation.